On the Dynamics of a Synchronous Binary Asteroid System with Non-Uniform Mass Distribution

Abstract

In this work, particle dynamics in a binary asteroid system is analyzed within the Circular Restricted Three-Body Problem (CRTBP) framework, assuming the largest body is treated as a mass point. The secondary body is modeled as a mass dipole in synchronous rotation with its orbital motion, which leads to the spin–orbit resonance. The third body is a point of negligible mass whose motion is restricted to the orbital plane of the primary bodies. We considered asymmetrical and symmetrical dipole cases. The number and positions of the equilibrium points are determined for the dynamical analysis, and the zero-velocity curves are studied. This model preserves the number and geometric arrangement of the equilibrium points compared to the CRTBP. The equilibrium points adjacent to the dipole are the most sensitive in position to the variations in physical parameters. Considering the solar radiation pressure on the third body, different initial conditions for its motion in the vicinity of the dipole are analyzed. As a result, the particle survival time in orbital motion is estimated before colliding or suffering gravitational ejection from the system.